“il n'a pas plu” eller “il n'a pas plut”? Understanding the correct use of past participles in French grammar will clarify which option is appropriate. This article explains which form to use in negative sentences with weather-related expressions or verbs of liking, so you can avoid common mistakes.
Il n’a pas plu (korrekt)
Il n’a pas plut (forkert)
Forstå datidens participium i negative sammensatte tider
På fransk, den passé composé (past tense) is often used to describe completed actions. It is formed by combining the auxiliary verb “avoir” (or sometimes “être”) with a past participle. Selecting the correct past participle is crucial for grammatical accuracy, especially in negative sentences.
Korrekt form: “Il n’a pas plu”
Det korrekte udtryk er “il n'a pas plu”, hvor “plu” serves as the past participle of the verb plaire (for at behage) eller pleuvoir (at regne). I denne sætning:
- “Il n'a pas” translates to “it didn’t” or “he/she didn’t” (the auxiliary verb “avoir” i den passé composé, used in the negative form).
- “Plu” is the proper past participle for both plaire og pleuvoir i sammensatte tider, og det forbliver det samme uanset kontekst eller emne.
Brug af “il n'a pas plu” is grammatically accurate, as “plu” is the invariable past participle used with both meanings — whether talking about the weather or something that wasn’t liked or pleasing.
Almindelig fejltagelse: “Il n’a pas plut”
Skrivning “il n'a pas plut” i stedet for “il n'a pas plu” is a common error, likely due to the similarity in sound between “plu” og “plut”. Men.., “plut” is not a valid past participle and cannot be used in the passé composé.
Hvorfor “Plut” er forkert
- “Plut” is the third person singular form of the passé simple (simpel datid) for pleuvoirog det optræder kun i litterære sammenhænge, som regel på skriftligt eller formelt fransk.
- It does not function as a past participle and should not be used in compound tenses like the passé composé.
Hvorfor “Il n’a pas plu” er den korrekte form
Den korrekte datidsform for begge plaire og pleuvoir i sammensatte tider er altid plu. This form does not change, making “il n’a pas plu” the correct option in any context involving compound tenses.
- Eksempler:
- “La pluie n’a pas plu” (Regnen var ikke behagelig).
- “Ça ne m’a pas plu” (Jeg kunne ikke lide det).
- “Il n’a pas plu hier” (Det regnede ikke i går).
I hvert enkelt tilfælde, plu forbliver konsekvent som det korrekte datids participium.
Yderligere eksempler til reference
For at underbygge reglen er her andre verber med lignende datidsadfærd i sammensatte tider:
- “Il n’a pas fait” (Han gjorde det ikke) - fra faire
- “Il n’a pas dit” (Han sagde det ikke) - fra dire
- “Il n’a pas vu” (Han så det ikke) - fra voir
These examples confirm the structure needed for “il n’a pas plu”, emphasizing the invariable nature of the correct past participle form.